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Cu(In 4

Ga)Se2 3

高压 3

CCS 2

CO2利用 2

CO2封存 2

CO2捕集 2

临界风速 2

二氧化碳 2

低碳发展 2

催化剂 2

光催化 2

吸附 2

泥水盾构 2

碳中和 2

&alpha 1

(GaxIn1−x)2O3薄膜；带隙可调谐；磁控溅射 1

1T/2H-MoS2 1

2 1

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into the heat transfer characteristics of spiral wall with internal rib in a supercritical sliding-pressure

TANG Renhu, YIN Fei, WANG Haijun, CHEN Tingkuan

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第3期   页码 300-304 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0043-5

摘要： Within the pressure range of 9–28 MPa, mass velocity range of 600–1 200 kg/(m · s), and heat flux range of 200–500 kW/m, experiments were performed to investigate the heat transfer to water in the inclined upward internally ribbed tube with an inclined angle of 19.5 degrees, a maximum outer diameter of 38.1 mm, and a thickness of 7.5 mm. Based on the experiments, it was found that heat transfer enhancement of the internally ribbed tube could postpone departure from nucleate boiling at the sub-critical pressure. However, the heat transfer enhancement decreased near the critical pressure. At supercritical pressure, the temperature difference between the wall and the fluid increased near the pseudo-critical temperature, but the increase of wall temperature was less than that of departure from nucleate boiling at sub-critical pressure. When pressure is closer to the critical pressure, the temperature difference between the wall and the fluid increased greatly near the pseudo-critical temperature. Heat transfer to supercritical water in the inclined upward internally ribbed tube was enhanced or deteriorated near the pseudo-critical temperature with the variety of ratio between the mass velocity and the heat flux. Because the rotational flow of the internal groove reduced the effect of natural convection, the internal wall temperature of internally ribbed tube uniformly distributed along the circumference. The maximum internal wall temperature difference of the tube along the circumference was only 10 degrees when the fluid enthalpy exceeded 2 000 J/g. Considering the effect of acute variety of the fluid property on heat transfer, the correlation of heat transfer coefficient on the top of the internally ribbed tube was provided.

关键词： m ·     diameter     critical pressure     sub-critical pressure     maximum    

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China ADS sub-critical experimental assembly—Venus-1 and preliminary experiment

SHI Yongqian, XIA Pu, LUO Zhanglin, ZHAO Zhixiang, DING Dazhao, ZHU Qinfu, XIA Haihong, LI Jigen, ZHANG Wei, CAO Jian, QUAN Yanhui, LUO Huangda, WU Xiaofei

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 150-157 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0019-5

摘要： China s accelerator-driven sub-critical system (ADS) sub-critical experimental assembly Venus-1 and the preliminary experiment is presented. The core of Venus-1 is a coupled one of a fast neutron zone and a thermal neutron zone. The fast neutron zone is at the centre of the core and formed by natural uranium fuel. A fast neutron spectrum field can be produced in the fast neutron zone and used for the transmutation of minor actinides (MAs). The thermal neutron zone surrounds the fast neutron zone and is formed by low-enriched uranium fuel. It is a fission zone. An epithermal neutron zone between the fast neutron zone and the thermal neutron zone can be established for the transmutation of long-lived fission products (LLFP). On July 18, 2005, the first fuel element was loaded into the Venus-1 sub-critical assembly and some preliminary experiments about the sub-critical neutronics were performed. The Venus-1 can be driven by an Am-Be source or other steady neutron source (Cf-252, D-D reaction and D-T reaction) to study the effect of the external neutron source with different energies or a D-T pulsed neutron source on the dynamic characteristics.

关键词： coupled     D-D reaction     dynamic     pulsed neutron     sub-critical assembly    

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Simulation of cross-flow-induced vibration of tube bundle by surface vorticity method

WANG Fenghao, JIANG Gedong, Lin John Zhang

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 243-248 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0049-7

摘要： A fluid-structure interaction model based on Surface Vorticity Method (SVM) was used to study flow-induced vibrations of tube bundles in medium space ratio. The flow-induced vibrations of four tubes in a rotated square and a staggered tube bundle in three-row and five-column arrangements were simulated in the high sub-critical Reynolds number () range. The results on fluid forces, tube responses and vorticity maps were presented. The vorticity maps of the four rotated-square tubes changed dramatically when the rigid tubes were replaced by the flexible tubes. From the vorticity maps and vibration responses of the staggered tube bundle of different structural parameters, it was found that with the decrease of tube natural frequency, the maximal vibration response moved from the third row to the first. The results also showed that when more flexible tubes are used, the flow pattern changed drastically and the fluid-structure interaction imposed a dominant impact on the flow.

关键词： dominant     sub-critical Reynolds     staggered     Vorticity     three-row    

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The summary of researches on ADS in China

XIA Haihong, ZHAO Zhixiang, LI Jigen, SHI Yongqian, HAN Yinlu, ZHU Shengyun, XU Yongli, GUAN Xialing, CUI Baoqun, FU Shinian

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 135-140 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0017-7

摘要： The conceptual study on the accelerator driven system (ADS) that lasted for about five years ended in 1999 in China. As one project of the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) in the energy domain, which is sponsored by the China Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), a five-year-program of fundamental research of ADS physics and related technology was launched in 2000 and passed national review at the end of 2005. The China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE), the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP), the Institute of Heavy Ion Physics in Peking University (PKU-IHIP) and other institutions jointly carried out the research. The research activities were focused on HPPA physics and technology, reactor physics of external source driven sub-critical assembly, nuclear data base and material study. For HPPA, a high current injector consisting of an ECR ion source, LEBT and an RFQ accelerating structure of 3.5 MeV was built. In reactor physics study, a series of neutron multiplication experimental study has been carried out and still being done. The VENUS facility has been constructed as the basic experimental platform for neutronics study in ADS blanket. It s a zero power sub-critical neutron multiplying assembly driven by external neutron produced by a pulsed neutron generator. The theoretical, experimental and simulation study on nuclear data, material properties and nuclear fuel circulation related to ADS is carrying on to provide the database for ADS system analysis. The main results on ADS related researches will be reported.

关键词： accelerator     national     multiplying assembly     sub-critical assembly     simulation    

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Simulation of the optimal heat rejection pressure for transcritical CO

Junlan YANG, Yitai MA, Minxia LI, Hua TIAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 522-526 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0027-8

摘要： In order to optimize and control transcritical CO refrigeration cycle, a mathematical model was developed to simulate the system performance. The simulation results show that a maximum COP exists at the optimal heat rejection pressure not only for throttle valve cycle but also for expander cycle. Also, the optimal heat rejection pressures of the throttle valve cycle are greater than those of the expander cycle under the same condition. In order to further obtain correlation of the optimal heat rejection pressure for transcritical CO expander cycle, it is necessary to analyze the impact degree of compressor efficiency, expander efficiency, gas cooler outlet temperature and evaporation temperature. Based on the simulation results, the values of the optimal heat rejection pressure for the expander cycle were regressed in terms of gas cooler outlet temperature and evaporation temperature at given compressor efficiency and expander efficiency. Finally, two types of polynomial correlations were obtained. One is cubic form, with an average deviation of less than 0.5% and the other is simplified form, with an average deviation of less than 1%. It is, therefore, convenient to use either correlation to simulate the performance of transcritical CO expander cycle.

关键词： transcritical CO2 cycle     optimal heat rejection pressure     simulation     expander    

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Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy of high-pressure flames

Jason BASSI, Mark STRINGER, Bob MILES, Yang ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 123-133 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0033-x

摘要： Laser spectroscopy in the visible and near infrared is widely used as a diagnostic tool for combustion devices, but this approach is difficult at high pressures within a sooty flame itself. High soot concentrations render flames opaque to visible light, but they remain transparent to far-infrared or terahertz (THz) radiation. The first far-infrared absorption spectra, to the best of our knowledge, of sooty, non-premixed, ethylene high-pressure flames covering the region of 0.2-2.5 THz is presented. A specially designed high-pressure burner which is optically accessible to THz radiation has been built allowing flame transmission measurements up to pressures of 1.6 MPa. Calculations of the theoretical combustion species absorption spectra in the 0.2-3 THz range have shown that almost all the observable features arise from H O. A few OH (1.84 and 2.51 THz), CH (2.58 THz), and NH (1.77 and 2.95 THz) absorption lines are also observable in principle. A large number of H O absorption lines are observed in the ground vibrational in a laminar non-premixed, sooty flame (ethylene) at pressures up to 1.6 MPa.

关键词： terahertz time-domain spectroscopy     high-pressure flames     H2O absorption lines    

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Greenhouse gas emissions from different pig manure management techniques: a critical analysis

Conor Dennehy, Peadar G. Lawlor, Yan Jiang, Gillian E. Gardiner, Sihuang Xie, Long D Nghiem, Xinmin Zhan

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0942-6

摘要： Manure management is the primary source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from pig farming, which in turn accounts for 18% of the total global GHG emissions from the livestock industry. In this review, GHG emissions (N O and CH emissions in particular) from individual pig manure (PGM) management practices (European practises in particular) are systematically analyzed and discussed. These manure management practices include manure storage, land application, solid/liquid separation, anaerobic digestion, composting and aerobic wastewater treatment. The potential reduction in net GHG emissions by changing and optimising these techniques is assessed. This review also identifies key research gaps in the literature including the effect of straw covering of liquid PGM storages, the effect of solid/liquid separation, and the effect of dry anaerobic digestion on net GHG emissions from PGM management. In addition to identifying these research gaps, several recommendations including the need to standardize units used to report GHG emissions, to account for indirect N O emissions, and to include a broader research scope by conducting detailed life cycle assessment are also discussed. Overall, anaerobic digestion and compositing to liquid and solid fractions are best PGM management practices with respect to their high GHG mitigation potential.

关键词： CH4     N2O     Storage     Anaerobic digestion     Composting     Separation    

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Study of the robustness of a low-temperature dual-pressure process for removal of CO

Stefania Moioli, Laura A. Pellegrini, Paolo Vergani, Fabio Brignoli

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第2期   页码 209-225 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1688-1

摘要： The growing use of energy by most of world population and the consequent increasing demand for energy are making unexploited low quality gas reserves interesting from an industrial point of view. To meet the required specifications for a natural gas grid, some compounds need to be removed from the sour stream. Because of the high content of undesired compounds (i.e., CO ) in the stream to be treated, traditional purification processes may be too energy intensive and the overall system may result unprofitable, therefore new technologies are under study. In this work, a new process for the purification of natural gas based on a low temperature distillation has been studied, focusing on the dynamics of the system. The robustness of the process has been studied by dynamic simulation of an industrial-scale plant, with particular regard to the performances when operating conditions are changed. The results show that the process can obtain the methane product with a high purity and avoid the solidification of carbon dioxide.

关键词： CO2 capture     innovative process     cryogenic distillation     dynamic simulation     solid-liquid-vapor equilibrium    

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PSS sorbents for removing trace hydrogen sulfide in methane

Limei ZHONG, Li ZHOU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 339-342 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0569-7

摘要： Sorbents of the pressure swing sorption process (PSS) to remove trace amount of H S (190 ppm) contained in methane were experimentally studied. The sorbents consist of adsorbent carrier (silica gel or activated carbon) and absorbent which spreads outside the carrier granules’ pores (triethanolamine, TEA or -methyl-2-pyrrolidone, NMP). The results of breakthrough and regeneration tests show that silica gel is more suitable to be the carrier than activated carbon and TEA is more suitable to be the absorbent than NMP. The loaded absorbent could enlarge the sorption capacity of H S considerably. And the BET tests indicate that the absorbent deposits on the surface of the carrier’s pores and can reduce the mesopores’ size and block the micropores.

关键词： pressure swing sorption     H2S     methane     carrier     absorbent    

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Biodiesel production from waste frying oil in sub- and supercritical methanol on a zeolite Y solid acid

Jorge MEDINA-VALTIERRA, Jorge RAMIREZ-ORTIZ

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 401-407 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1354-1

摘要： Waste frying oil (WFO) is a very important feedstock for obtaining biodiesel at low cost and using WFO in transesterification reactions to produce biodiesel helps eliminate local environmental problems. In this study biodiesel was produced from WFO in sub- and super-critical methanol on a zeolite Y solid acid catalyst. The procedure was optimized using a design of experiments by varying the methanol to WFO molar ratio, the reaction temperature, and the amount of catalyst. Typical biodiesel yields varied from 83 to nearly 100% with methyl esters content ranging from 1.41–1.66 mol·L and typical dynamic viscosities of 22.1-8.2 cP. Gas chromatography was used to determine the molecular composition of the biodiesel. The reaction products contained over 82 wt-% methyl esters, 4.2 wt-% free acids, 13.5 wt-% monoglycerides, and 0.3 wt-% diglycerides. The transesterification of WFO with methanol around its critical temperature combined with a zeolite Y as an acid catalyst is an efficient approach for the production of biodiesel with acceptable yields.

关键词： biodiesel     methanol     critical temperature     waste frying oil     zeolite Y    

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Reduction kinetics of SrFeO/CaO∙MnO nanocomposite as effective oxygen carrier for chemical looping partial oxidation of methane

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期   页码 1726-1734 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2188-5

摘要： Chemical looping reforming of methane is a novel and effective approach to convert methane to syngas, in which oxygen transfer is achieved by a redox material. Although lots of efforts have been made to develop high-performance redox materials, a few studies have focused on the redox kinetics. In this work, the kinetics of SrFeO3−δ–CaO∙MnO nanocomposite reduction by methane was investigated both on a thermo-gravimetric analyzer and in a packed-bed microreactor. During the methane reduction, combustion occurs before the partial oxidation and there exists a transition between them. The weight loss due to combustion increases, but the transition region becomes less inconspicuous as the reduction temperature increased. The weight loss associated with the partial oxidation is much larger than that with combustion. The rate of weight loss related to the partial oxidation is well fitted by the Avrami–Erofeyev equation with n = 3 (A3 model) with an activation energy of 59.8 kJ∙mol‒1. The rate law for the partial oxidation includes a solid conversion term whose expression is given by the A3 model and a methane pressure-dependent term represented by a power law. The partial oxidation is half order with respect to methane pressure. The proposed rate law could well predict the reduction kinetics; thus, it may be used to design and/or analyze a chemical looping reforming reactor.

关键词： chemical looping reforming     SrFeO3−δ/CaO·MnO nanocomposite     reduction kinetics     Avrami–Erofeyev model     pressure-dependent term    

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Structure improvement and strength finite element analysis of VHP welded rotor of 700°C USC steam turbine

Jinyuan SHI,Zhicheng DENG,Yong WANG,Yu YANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 88-104 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0387-1

摘要： The optimized structure strength design and finite element analysis method for very high pressure (VHP) rotors of the 700°C ultra-super-critical (USC) steam turbine are presented. The main parameters of steam and the steam thermal parameters of blade stages of VHP welded rotors as well as the start and shutdown curves of the steam turbine are determined. The structure design feature, the mechanical models and the typical position of stress analysis of the VHP welded rotors are introduced. The steady and transient finite element analysis are implemented for steady condition, start and shutdown process, including steady rated condition, 110% rated speed, 120% rated speed, cold start, warm start, hot start, very hot start, sliding-pressure shutdown, normal shutdown and emergency shutdown, to obtain the temperature and stress distribution as well as the stress ratio of the welded rotor. The strength design criteria and strength analysis results of the welded rotor are given. The results show that the strength design of improved structure of the VHP welded rotor of the 700°C USC steam turbine is safe at the steady condition and during the transient start or shutdown process.

关键词： 700°C ultra-super-critical unit     steam turbine     very high pressure rotor     structure strength design     strength design criteria     finite element analysis    

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Microbial biodegradation of plastics: Challenges, opportunities, and a critical perspective

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1596-6

摘要：

● Health hazards of plastic waste on environment are discussed.

关键词： Plastic-waste     Polymers     Health-hazards     Biodegradation     Microorganisms     Enzymes    

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Machine learning in building energy management: A critical review and future directions

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第2期   页码 239-256 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0181-1

摘要： Over the past two decades, machine learning (ML) has elicited increasing attention in building energy management (BEM) research. However, the boundary of the ML-BEM research has not been clearly defined, and no thorough review of ML applications in BEM during the whole building life-cycle has been published. This study aims to address this gap by reviewing the ML-BEM papers to ascertain the status of this research area and identify future research directions. An integrated framework of ML-BEM, composed of four layers and a series of driving factors, is proposed. Then, based on the hype cycle model, this paper analyzes the current development status of ML-BEM and tries to predict its future development trend. Finally, five research directions are discussed: (1) the behavioral impact on BEM, (2) the integration management of renewable energy, (3) security concerns of ML-BEM, (4) extension to other building life-cycle phases, and (5) the focus on fault detection and diagnosis. The findings of this study are believed to provide useful references for future research on ML-BEM.

关键词： building energy management     machine learning     integrated framework     knowledge evolution    

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Reducing environmental impacts through socioeconomic transitions: critical review and prospects

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1624-1

摘要：

● Reducing environmental impacts through socioeconomic structural transitions.

关键词： Environmental pressures     Environmental impacts     Nexus     Supply chains     Trade     Coupled systems    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

into the heat transfer characteristics of spiral wall with internal rib in a supercritical sliding-pressure

TANG Renhu, YIN Fei, WANG Haijun, CHEN Tingkuan

期刊论文

China ADS sub-critical experimental assembly—Venus-1 and preliminary experiment

SHI Yongqian, XIA Pu, LUO Zhanglin, ZHAO Zhixiang, DING Dazhao, ZHU Qinfu, XIA Haihong, LI Jigen, ZHANG Wei, CAO Jian, QUAN Yanhui, LUO Huangda, WU Xiaofei

期刊论文

Simulation of cross-flow-induced vibration of tube bundle by surface vorticity method

WANG Fenghao, JIANG Gedong, Lin John Zhang

期刊论文

The summary of researches on ADS in China

XIA Haihong, ZHAO Zhixiang, LI Jigen, SHI Yongqian, HAN Yinlu, ZHU Shengyun, XU Yongli, GUAN Xialing, CUI Baoqun, FU Shinian

期刊论文

Simulation of the optimal heat rejection pressure for transcritical CO

Junlan YANG, Yitai MA, Minxia LI, Hua TIAN

期刊论文

Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy of high-pressure flames

Jason BASSI, Mark STRINGER, Bob MILES, Yang ZHANG

期刊论文

Greenhouse gas emissions from different pig manure management techniques: a critical analysis

Conor Dennehy, Peadar G. Lawlor, Yan Jiang, Gillian E. Gardiner, Sihuang Xie, Long D Nghiem, Xinmin Zhan

期刊论文

Study of the robustness of a low-temperature dual-pressure process for removal of CO

Stefania Moioli, Laura A. Pellegrini, Paolo Vergani, Fabio Brignoli

期刊论文

PSS sorbents for removing trace hydrogen sulfide in methane

Limei ZHONG, Li ZHOU

期刊论文

Biodiesel production from waste frying oil in sub- and supercritical methanol on a zeolite Y solid acid

Jorge MEDINA-VALTIERRA, Jorge RAMIREZ-ORTIZ

期刊论文

Reduction kinetics of SrFeO/CaO∙MnO nanocomposite as effective oxygen carrier for chemical looping partial oxidation of methane

期刊论文

Structure improvement and strength finite element analysis of VHP welded rotor of 700°C USC steam turbine

Jinyuan SHI,Zhicheng DENG,Yong WANG,Yu YANG

期刊论文

Microbial biodegradation of plastics: Challenges, opportunities, and a critical perspective

期刊论文

Machine learning in building energy management: A critical review and future directions

期刊论文

Reducing environmental impacts through socioeconomic transitions: critical review and prospects

期刊论文